The notes (sounds) and rests (silences) are the written music. The bar lines divide the staff into short sections called bars or measures. But it is the notes and rests that are the actual written music. There are many other symbols on and around the staff that give directions for playing the music the most important of these symbols give the clef, the key signature, and the time signature. Other Symbols on the StaffĪ notes stands for a sound a rest stands for a silence. Symbols that appear above and below the music may tell you how fast it goes (tempo markings), how loud it should be (dynamic markings), where to go next (repeats, for example) and even give directions for how to perform particular notes (accents, for example). Other symbols on the staff, like the clef symbol, the key signature, and the time signature, tell you important information about the notes and measures. The notes and rests are the actual written music. Many different kinds of symbols can appear on, above, and below the staff. The most important symbols on the staff, the clef symbol, key signature and time signature, appear at the beginning of the staff. If a note is above or below the staff, ledger lines are added to show how far above or below. The five horizontal lines are the lines of the staff. A double bar line, either heavy or light, is used to mark the ends of larger sections of music, including the very end of a piece, which is marked by a heavy double bar. Vertical bar lines divide the staff into short sections called measures or bars. Extra ledger lines may be added to show a note that is too high or too low to be on the staff. Most of the notes of the music are placed on one of these lines or in a space in between lines. The staff (plural staves) is written as five horizontal parallel lines. In fact, this type of written music is so ubiquitous that it is called common notation. By far the most widespread way to write music, however, is on a staff. Many different types of music notation have been invented, and some, such as tablature, are still in use. Without written music, this would be too difficult. Western music specializes in long, complex pieces for large groups of musicians singing or playing parts exactly as a composer intended. Music is easier to study and share if it is written down. But written music is very useful, for many of the same reasons that written words are useful. Some musicians still play “by ear” (without written music), and some music traditions rely more on improvisation and/or “by ear” learning. People were also making music long before anyone wrote any music down. People were talking long before they invented writing.
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